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With the advent of the new millenium, the scientific community marked a significant milestone in the study of biology—the completion of the ‘‘working draft’’ of the human genome. This new edition of Bioinformatics attempts to keep up with the quick pace of change in this field, reinforcing concepts that have stood the test of time while making the reader aware of new approaches and algorithms that have emerged since the publication of the first edition.Five chapters have been added on topics that have emerged as being important enough in their own right to warrant distinct and separate discussion: expressed sequence tags, sequence assembly, comparative genomics, large-scale genome analysis, and BioPerl.The bioinformatics community is truly unique in that the esprit de corps characterizing this group is one of openness, and this underlying philosophy is one that has enabled the field of bioinformatics to make the substantial strides that it has in such a short period of time. Bioinformatics A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Genes and Proteins is written in 17 sections, which are Bioinformatics and the Internet; The NCBI data model; The Genbank Sequence Database; Submitting DNA Sequences to the Databases; Structure Databases; Genomic Mapping and Mapping Databases; Information Retrieval from Biological Databases; Sequence alignment and database searching; Creation and analysis of protein multiple sequence alignmenys; Predictive methods using DNA sequences; predictive nethods using protein sequences; Expressed sequence tags (ESTs); Sequence assembly and finishing methods; Phylogenetic analysis; Comparative genome analysis; Large-scale genome analysis; and Using Perl to facilitate biological analysis.